The Camino De Santiago

Camino De Santiago

The Camino de Santiago  ( The Way of St James ) is really a collection of old pilgrimage routes, all of which have one thing in common, their destination, Santiago de Compostela.

This unique pilgrimage was named after the Apostle Saint James who was sent by the Romans, in those days to “Finis Terrae”, “end of the world”, to preach and convert people to Christianity.

The way of Saint James has been an important Christian pilgrimage route since medieval times and in use for over 1000 years.  Pilgrims believe that by walking the St James Way all sins will be forgiven, although not everyone nowadays walks purely for religious reasons.

The route was declared a  Unesco World Heritage Site in 1993.

 

10 Interesting Facts About the Camino de Santiago

  1. Camino Variety: The Camino de Santiago is not just one route but a network of multiple routes that converge at Santiago de Compostela in northwest Spain. Some routes are more popular, like the Camino Frances, while others, like the Camino Primitivo, are less travelled but equally enchanting.
  2. Scallop Shell Symbol: The scallop shell is the iconic symbol of the Camino de Santiago. Pilgrims often wear a scallop shell as a badge or attach it to their backpacks to signify their journey.
  3. No Fixed Starting Point: Unlike most trails, there is no fixed starting point for the Camino de Santiago. Pilgrims can begin their journey from various cities and regions across Europe.
  4. Pilgrim's Passport: To receive the Compostela (a certificate of completion), pilgrims must obtain a "Pilgrim's Passport" or "Credencial del Peregrino." This document gets stamped at designated places along the route, proving their progress.
  5. Holy Years: Every year that July 25th (St. James's feast day) falls on a Sunday, it is considered a "Holy Year" or "Año Santo." During Holy Years, the number of pilgrims increases significantly.
  6. Unique Route Markings: The Camino is marked by yellow arrows, scallop shells, and other symbols. Each region has its distinct markings to guide pilgrims.
  7. The "Fisterra Way": Some pilgrims continue their journey beyond Santiago de Compostela to the coastal towns of Fisterra and Muxia. The additional routes are collectively known as the "Fisterra Way."
  8. Pilgrims' Mass: Pilgrims attend a daily Pilgrims' Mass at the Santiago de Compostela Cathedral. During the mass, the names of pilgrims from different countries are announced.
  9. Pilgrim's Rituals: Traditional rituals include leaving a stone at the Cruz de Ferro, crossing the Puente la Reina bridge, and taking a dip in the freezing waters of the "Fountain of Eternal Youth" in Burgos.
  10. Companionship and Camaraderie: The Camino de Santiago is not just a physical journey; it's also a spiritual and social experience. Many pilgrims form strong bonds with fellow travellers, sharing stories and experiences along the way.

 Camino de Santiago History

Walking the Camino de Santiago

For over 1000 years pilgrims, young, old, religious, fit, unfit or otherwise have been walking along these historic routes.

One of the main routes is the “Camino Frances” the French Route.  The Camino Frances traditionally starts in St Jean Pied de Port and finishes in Santiago de Compostela about 745 km later, after travelling the breadth of Northern Spain.

Pilgrims walking these historic routes come from far and wide with the earliest recorded pilgrims visiting the shrine dating back to the mid 10th Century.  It was around a century later that pilgrims from abroad were journeying there in larger numbers.

The first recorded pilgrims from England were between 1092 and 1105. By the early 12th century the pilgrimage was well organised using four established routes from starting points in France, converging in the Basque country of the western Pyrenees.

The routes track across Northern Spain linking Burgos, Lugo,  Bilbao, Oviedo and other major cities and towns.

Read "Is the Camino symbolic of life's journey?"

Camino de Santiago Routes

The time it takes for pilgrims to walk the various Camino de Santiago routes can vary significantly depending on factors such as the starting point, individual fitness level, pace, and weather conditions.

On the popular Camino Frances, which spans about 800 kilometres (500 miles) from Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port in France to Santiago de Compostela, most pilgrims typically take around 4 to 6 weeks to complete the journey on foot.

Some more experienced hikers may complete it in as little as 3 weeks, while others may take longer to experience and immerse themselves in the cultural richness along the way.

The Camino Portugues, starting in Lisbon or Porto, covers approximately 600 kilometres (370 miles) and generally takes 2 to 4 weeks to walk.

The Camino del Norte, beginning in the Basque Country or Irun, is longer and more challenging, taking 4 to 6 weeks to complete.

For the shorter routes, such as the Camino Finisterre, Camino Ingles, or Camino Primitivo, pilgrims usually complete the journey in 1 to 2 weeks. These routes offer an authentic Camino experience while accommodating time constraints.

The French Route:

The Camino Frances is the most popular and traditional route, starting in Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port in France and ending in Santiago de Compostela.

This route covers approximately 800 kilometres and offers a diverse landscape, historical sites, and vibrant pilgrim communities.

Camino del Norte:

This northern route follows the coastline of northern Spain, starting in Irun or San Sebastian and passing through cities like Bilbao, Santander, and Gijon before reaching Santiago.

The Camino del Norte is known for its stunning coastal scenery and challenging terrain.

Camino Primitivo:

Considered the original Camino, the Camino Primitivo starts in Oviedo and is one of the most demanding routes due to its mountainous terrain.

It eventually joins the Camino Frances in Melide before continuing to Santiago.

Via de la Plata:

Starting in Seville or Granada in the south of Spain, the Via de la Plata is the longest Camino route, spanning over 1,000 kilometres.

It passes through historic cities like Merida and Salamanca before joining the Camino Frances in Astorga.

The Portuguese Route:

The Camino Portugues starts in Lisbon, Portugal, or Porto, depending on the chosen variant.

The route is a scenic journey through the Portuguese countryside and coastal regions, crossing into Spain and finishing in Santiago.

The English Route:

The Camino Ingles, historically used by English and Irish pilgrims, this shorter route begins in the port cities of Ferrol or A Coruna in Spain and covers around 120 kilometres to Santiago.

Camino de Finisterre:

While not a traditional starting point, the Camino de Finisterre is often an extension of other routes.

The route begins in Santiago and leads to Cape Finisterre, a significant symbolic endpoint on the Atlantic coast.

Camino de Invierno:

The "Winter Way" is a less-travelled route that offers stunning mountain landscapes and thermal springs. Starting in Ponferrada, this route takes pilgrims through the heart of Galicia, providing a unique and peaceful experience.

Camino Sanabres:

Also known as the Vía de la Plata del Sur, this route begins in Zamora and joins the Camino Frances in Santiago. Passing through picturesque landscapes and historical towns, it's a less crowded alternative with a rich cultural heritage.

Fisterra y Muxia:

After reaching Santiago de Compostela, many pilgrims continue to Cape Finisterre (Fisterra) and Muxia, considered the "end of the world" in ancient times. This extension offers breathtaking coastal views and a chance for contemplation.

Best Sites & Attraction To See Along The Routes

Santiago Compostela Cathedral
Santiago Compostela Cathedral

When walking the Camino de Santiago routes, pilgrims are treated to a whole load of stunning and culturally significant sites along the way.

Here are some of the best sites to see:

Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela: The final destination of most pilgrims, this grand cathedral is a UNESCO World Heritage site and houses the tomb of St. James the Apostle.

Puente la Reina (Camino Francés):  A picturesque medieval town with a stunning Romanesque bridge and charming streets.

Guggenheim Museum (Camino del Norte): Located in Bilbao, this iconic modern art museum designed by Frank Gehry is a must-see for culture enthusiasts.

Cape Finisterre (Camino Finisterre): Known as the "End of the World," this coastal site offers breathtaking sunsets and a sense of accomplishment for pilgrims.

Roman Bridge (Camino Primitivo): In Oviedo, this ancient bridge is a testament to the region's rich history.

Cathedral of Leon (Camino Frances): A masterpiece of Gothic architecture, the cathedral is famous for its stunning stained glass windows.

O Cebreiro (Camino Frances): A charming mountain village with unique stone huts called "pallozas."

Santo Domingo de la Calzada (Camino Frances): The town's cathedral houses a unique chicken coop and rooster legend.

Castrojeriz (Camino Frances): A picturesque village with a medieval castle and beautiful views of the surrounding countryside.

Burgos Cathedral (Camino Frances): A UNESCO World Heritage site and an architectural marvel of Gothic art.

Lodging Along The Route

Albergue Casa Cofradia de Santo Domingo La Rioja

Many establishments and small businesses have grown up along the routes to furbish the pilgrim trade including specialised lodgings.

Hostels and shops selling all kinds of Camino paraphernalia such as badges, souvenirs, and a remarkable guidebook which was written in the 12th Century.

A historic symbol of the Camino de Santiago is the scallop-edged conch shell which you will see all along the routes. It was used to dip water from streams on the way, many pilgrims also carry a walking stick which can be very useful .

Popular Pilgrim Accommodations

Albergue de Peregrinos San Javier (Astorga): Located in the heart of Astorga on the Camino Frances, this albergue offers a comfortable and affordable stay for pilgrims.

Albergue Municipal (Logrono): Situated in Logrono, the capital of La Rioja, this albergue provides pilgrims with a cosy and welcoming atmosphere.

Hospedaría San Martino Pinario (Santiago de Compostela): Found near the final destination of the Camino Frances, this historic albergue offers a unique experience with its impressive architecture.

Refugio Gaucelmo  (Leon): Refugio Gaucelmo, an award-winning establishment, warmly welcomes pilgrims along the Camino Frances every year from April to October. Once an old parish house, this charming refuge now offers traditional-style hospitality, creating a cosy and memorable experience for all pilgrims.

La Casa del Peregrino  (Leon): In the town of  El Acebo, a popular starting point for the Camino Frances, this hostel provides a comfortable stay for pilgrims beginning their journey.

Albergue y Pension San Marcos  (Lugo ): Situated in the town of Palas de Rei, Lugo, this beautiful upmarket albergue is a popular choice for pilgrims on the Camino Frances.

Albergue Alda O Fogar de Teodomiro (Arzua): Located just 300 metres from Santiago de Compostela Cathedral. Set in an old stone building, the guest house dormitories all have wooden floors and a balcony. Private rooms feature a work desk and heating.

Albergue de los Padres Reparadores (Navarra): Located on the Camino Frances close to Pamplona. This albergue is known for its welcoming hospitality and serene surroundings.

Albergue de la Piedra (Villafranca del Bierzo): Situated on the Camino Frances, this albergue offers a peaceful stay in the charming village of Villafranca del Bierzo.

Albergue Casa de la Abuela (Navarra): Found on the Camino Frances, this albergue is known for its warm hospitality and picturesque surroundings.

Albergue San Pelayo (Leon): Located on the Camino Frances, this albergue is known for its friendly staff and relaxing atmosphere in Puente de Villarente.

 

These albergues, hostals, and small hotels along the Camino de Santiago cater specifically to pilgrims, providing a sense of community and support during their journey.

They offer a range of accommodation options to suit different budgets and preferences, making the pilgrimage a memorable and enriching experience for all.

 

Camino de Santiago Cost

Walking the Camino de Santiago is an affordable adventure for most travellers with some planning.

This pilgrimage across northern Spain has been undertaken for over 1,000 years, so supporting infrastructure makes costs manageable.

The main expenses to consider are accommodation, food, gear, and the pilgrim passport.

For accommodation, albergues (hostels) along the route offer simple dorm-style bunk beds for 5-15 euros per night. Private rooms in hotels, pensions, or Airbnbs average 30-57 euros. Camping or staying in monasteries are economical alternatives.

Food expenses vary greatly depending on if you cook or dine at restaurants and bars. Grocery stores provide fresh produce, cheese, bread and meat for self-catering.

Menu del Dia deals at restaurants run 10-15 euros for pilgrim specials like paella. Bars offer bocadillos (sandwiches) for a few euros.

Hiking gear like moisture-wicking clothes, shoes, backpack, and walking poles add up but don’t require expensive specialised equipment. New gear costs 150-300 euros.

The pilgrim passport provides needed stamps along the route to get your certificate at the end. It costs 2-3 euros through various outlets.

Additional costs that add up are taxis/shuttles between route towns, laundry services, snacks, souvenirs, sightseeing entrance fees, and more. Most pilgrims budget 20-30 euros a day for food, accommodation and extras.

To save, walk in spring and autumn for pleasant weather, cook your own meals, stay in albergues, limit souvenirs and take rest days.

While costs vary by travel style, the Camino remains an affordable cultural adventure with an abundance of pilgrim support services.

The joy is in the journey, not the price tag.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

The length of time it takes to walk the Camino de Santiago depends on the particular route you choose. The most popular French Way route from St. Jean Pied de Port to Santiago de Compostela takes most pilgrims 4-5 weeks walking 12-15 miles per day. Faster walkers complete it in 2-3 weeks while some take over a month. Routes that start farther away can take 6-8 weeks in total at a moderate pace.

While demanding at times, the Camino de Santiago is achievable for most reasonably fit walkers. The path is well-marked with plentiful food/lodging stops. Starting slow, training beforehand, packing light, and getting walking sticks helps with stamina and joint pain. Blisters are common but treatable. Mental resolve through tough stretches and variable weather builds inner strength and camaraderie. With determination, an open mind, and careful preparation, the rewards outweigh the challenges.

Most pilgrims budget around 25-50 euros per day to walk the Camino de Santiago. Costs include basic hostel lodging (5-35 euros), food and water, incidentals like laundry and taxi rides between towns, café visits, and the pilgrim passport. By cooking meals, staying in communal albergues, and limiting extras, many complete it for 500-800 euros total over 4-5 weeks. Savings vary widely based on lodging and dining choices.

The ideal months to walk the Camino de Santiago are April-June and September-October when the weather is mildest. Summertime brings crowds and heat while winter sees cold rain and snow. Spring and fall offer moderate temperatures, greenery, and availability of pilgrim services along the route.

Most pilgrims walk 12-15 miles per day on the Camino de Santiago. Faster walkers may do up to 20 miles daily while slower walkers aim for 10 miles. Distances between towns generally range from 10 to 15 miles with shorter and longer stages mixed in. Taking rest days helps prevent injury and fatigue.

While pilgrims of all ages walk the Camino, the average age tends to be between 40  and 60 years of age. However, many people in their 20s to 70s complete the journey each year. Good fitness, determination and the ability to withstand physical discomfort matter more than age when preparing for the Camino.

Yes, the Camino de Santiago is open to all who wish to make the spiritual and physical journey. With reasonable fitness, determination, planning, and time, people of most ages and abilities can complete it. Support services along the route like luggage transfers and taxis between towns allow more accessibility.

The hardest parts of the Camino are typically the physical rigours like blisters, joint pain, fatigue, and illness coupled with mental doubts and frustration. Steep uphill climbs, bad weather, lack of facilities, and crowds can also prove challenging. The hardest section is thought to be the first part of the French Route which crosses the  Pyrenees mountains.

 

Camino de Santiago Gift Items

Find out how the symbols of El Camino de Santiago (among other symbols from Spain) are used on gifts (especially on jewellery items) to wish someone safe travel on a journey:

There is also an online shop where you can buy Camino de Santiago jewellery:

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